/* Flex layout for about section: text left, image right */
.about-flex {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: row;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: var(--s4);
    margin-bottom: calc(var(--s4) * 2);
    height: var(--about-flex-h);
    margin-left: calc(var(--s1) * -2);
    margin-right: calc(var(--s1) * -2);
    width: calc(100% + var(--s4));
}
.about-image {
    flex: 1 1 50%;
}
.about-content {
    flex: 1 1 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}
.about-text-box {
    background: rgba(10, 18, 32, 0.5);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    padding: var(--s6) var(--s4);
    max-width: 100%;
    color: var(--text);
    transition: all var(--animation-transition);
}
.about-text-box:hover {
    background: rgba(10, 18, 32, 0.6);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-pub-hover);
}
.about-text-box p {
    margin: 0 0 var(--s4) 0;
    line-height: 1.7;
}
.about-text-box p:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}
.about-figure {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    justify-content: flex-start;
}
.about-figure img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg); /* Match .publication-card corners */
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    background: rgba(108, 122, 137, 0.35); /* Subtle card-like background */
    overflow: hidden;
}
.about-figure figcaption {
    font-size: var(--fs-xs);
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
    text-align: left;
}
/* Google Fonts Import - Premium Typography */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600;700&family=IBM+Plex+Sans:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap');

/* LRC Energy Storage - Design System Variables */

html, body {
    overflow-x: var(--layout-overflow-x);
    overflow-y: var(--layout-overflow-y);
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}
:root {
    /* Hide all scrollbars globally */
    *::-webkit-scrollbar {
        display: none !important;
    }
    * {
        -ms-overflow-style: none !important;
        scrollbar-width: none !important;
    }

    /* ===== DESIGN SYSTEM ===== */

    /* Colors */
    --bedrock-navy: #1E2A39;           /* Dark: Primary brand color */
    --engineering-steel: #6C7A89;      /* Medium: Secondary text/UI */
    --deep-reservoir-blue: #24597F;    /* Light: Accent/Primary actions */
    --limestone-gray: #ECEDED;         /* Light text/backgrounds */
    
    /* Semantic Aliases for Backwards Compatibility */
    --dark: var(--bedrock-navy);
    --blue: var(--deep-reservoir-blue);
    --teal: var(--deep-reservoir-blue);
    --light: var(--limestone-gray);
    --text-secondary: var(--engineering-steel);
    --text-hover: var(--bedrock-navy);
    --bg-light: var(--limestone-gray);
    --white: #FFFFFF;

    /* Typography */
    --font-family: 'Inter', 'IBM Plex Sans', 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
    --font-heading: 'Inter', 'IBM Plex Sans', 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;

    /* Typography Scale (Base: 1rem = 16px) */
    --fs-xs: 0.75rem;      /* 12px */
    --fs-sm: 0.875rem;     /* 14px */
    --fs-base: 1rem;       /* 16px */
    --fs-lg: 1.125rem;     /* 18px */
    --fs-xl: 1.25rem;      /* 20px */
    --fs-3xl: 1.875rem;    /* 30px */
    --fs-4xl: 2.25rem;     /* 36px */
    --fs-5xl: 3rem;        /* 48px */
    --fs-6xl: 3.75rem;     /* 60px */

    /* Font Weights */
    --fw-medium: 500;
    --fw-semibold: 600;
    --fw-bold: 700;

    /* Spacing Scale */
    --s1: 0.5rem;
    --s2: 1rem;
    --s3: 1.5rem;
    --s4: 2rem;

    /* Visual Effects */
    --shadow-sm: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-md: rgba(30, 42, 57, 0.15);
    --shadow-blue-2: rgba(36, 89, 127, 0.2);
    --shadow-blue-3: rgba(36, 89, 127, 0.3);

    --shadow-header: 0 2px 10px var(--shadow-sm);
    --shadow-card: 0 4px 15px var(--shadow-sm);
    --shadow-card-hover: 0 10px 25px var(--shadow-md);
    --shadow-pub-hover: 0 8px 20px var(--shadow-md);
    
    --gradient-logo: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--blue), var(--teal));

    --transition: 0.3s ease;
    --border-accent: 4px;
    --radius-sm: 8px;
    --radius-md: 12px;
    --radius-lg: 18px; /* For publication cards */
    --radius-round: 50px; /* For buttons */

    /* Layout Dimensions */
    --header-h: 80px;
    --standard-gap: 40px;
    --hero-h: 60vh;
    --z-header: 1000;
    --viewport-h: 100vh; /* Standard viewport height */
    --about-flex-h: 500px; /* About section flex container height */
    --publication-card-width: calc((100% - 2.0 * var(--standard-gap)) / 3);

    /* Content Boundaries */
    --boundary-x: var(--standard-gap); /* 40px - horizontal margin equal to footer thickness */
    --boundary-y: var(--standard-gap); /* 40px - vertical margin equal to footer thickness */

    /* ===== DEFAULT BEHAVIOR SYSTEM ===== */

    /* Core Layout Behavior */
    --layout-overflow-x: hidden;
    --layout-overflow-y: hidden;
    --layout-max-width: none; /* Use full viewport width */
    --layout-content-height: calc(var(--viewport-h) - var(--header-h) - var(--standard-gap));

    /* Positioning Behavior */
    --position-header: fixed;
    --position-footer: fixed;
    --position-main: relative;

    /* Content Constraints */
    --content-overflow: hidden; /* No scrolling within content areas */
    --content-max-width: none; /* Allow full width usage */

    /* Responsive Behavior */
    --responsive-breakpoint-sm: 768px;

    /* Animation Behavior */
    --animation-pulse-duration: 8.5s;
    --animation-pulse-delay: 0.25s;
    --animation-transition: 0.3s ease;
}

/* ===== UNIVERSAL STYLES ===== */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    color: var(--light);
    background-color: var(--deep-reservoir-blue);
    min-height: var(--viewport-h);
    z-index: 0;
    line-height: 1.6;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* Typography enhancements */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-weight: var(--fw-semibold);
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
}

/* ===== DEFAULT BEHAVIOR UTILITY CLASSES ===== */
/* Apply to any container to enforce no-scroll viewport behavior */
.no-scroll-viewport {
    overflow-x: var(--layout-overflow-x);
    overflow-y: var(--layout-overflow-y);
}

/* Apply to main content areas for standard layout */
.content-area {
    height: var(--layout-content-height);
    overflow-y: var(--content-overflow);
    position: var(--position-main);
}

/* Apply to fixed headers */
.fixed-header {
    position: var(--position-header);
    top: 0;
    height: var(--header-h);
    width: 100%;
    z-index: var(--z-header);
}

/* Apply to fixed footers */
.fixed-footer {
    position: var(--position-footer);
    bottom: 0;
    height: var(--standard-gap);
    width: 100%;
}

/* Apply to centered content containers */
.centered-content {
    max-width: var(--content-max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: var(--boundary-y) var(--boundary-x);
}

/* Apply to full-width content (no max-width constraint) */
.full-width-content {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    padding: var(--boundary-y) var(--boundary-x);
}

/* ===== HEADER & NAVIGATION ===== */
header {
    background-color: var(--dark);
    padding: var(--s3) var(--s4);
    position: var(--position-header);
    width: 100%;
    top: 0;
    z-index: var(--z-header);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: var(--s4);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-header);
}

.logo {
    background: transparent;
    border-radius: 0;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    color: var(--white);
    font-weight: var(--fw-medium);
    font-size: var(--fs-2xl);
    box-shadow: none;
    gap: 0.3rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.logo-link {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: opacity var(--animation-transition);
}

.logo-link:hover {
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.logo-bold {
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
}

nav {
    margin-left: auto;
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--s4);
}

nav a {
    color: var(--light);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: var(--fw-medium);
    transition: color var(--animation-transition);
}

nav a:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
}

/* ===== FOOTER ===== */
footer {
    background-color: var(--dark);
    color: var(--light);
    padding: var(--s1) var(--s4);
    font-size: var(--fs-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 100%;
    position: var(--position-footer);
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    height: var(--standard-gap);
}

footer a {
    color: var(--teal);
    text-decoration: none;
}

footer a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

footer p {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    line-height: 1;
}

/* ===== MAIN CONTENT LAYOUT ===== */
main {
    margin-top: var(--header-h);
    height: var(--layout-content-height);
    padding: var(--boundary-y) var(--boundary-x);
    position: var(--position-main);
    z-index: 1;
    overflow-y: var(--content-overflow);
}

main::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -50px;
    left: -10%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8s ease-in-out infinite;
}

main::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 30px;
    right: 35%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 9s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.5s;
}

.hero::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 540px;
    left: 2%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.25s;
}

.hero::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 440px;
    right: -15%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.75s;
}

.page-title::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 540px;
    left: 2%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.25s;
}

.page-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 440px;
    right: -15%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.75s;
}

@keyframes pulse-glow {
    0%, 100% {
        transform: scale(1);
        opacity: 0.6;
    }
    50% {
        transform: scale(1.05);
        opacity: 1;
    }
}

main > * {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.publications-container {
    max-width: none;
}

/* ===== PAGE TITLES & SUBTITLES ===== */
.page-title {
    font-size: var(--fs-5xl);
    color: var(--light);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 0; /* Removed negative margin to balance spacing */
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
    text-align: center;
}

.page-subtitle {
    font-size: var(--fs-lg);
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

/* ===== HERO SECTION (INDEX PAGE) ===== */
.hero {
    height: var(--hero-h);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    color: var(--white);
    padding: var(--s4);
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    max-width: 800px;
}

.hero h1 {
    font-size: var(--fs-6xl);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
    letter-spacing: -2px;
}

.hero p {
    font-size: var(--fs-xl);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-large);
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.cta-button {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: var(--s2) 2.5rem;
    background-color: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: var(--radius-round);
    font-weight: var(--fw-semibold);
    font-size: var(--fs-lg);
    transition: all var(--transition);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px var(--shadow-blue-2);
}

.cta-button:hover {
    background-color: var(--text-hover);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px var(--shadow-blue-3);
}

/* ===== FEATURES SECTION (FEATURES PAGE) ===== */
.features-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--s4);
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.feature-card {
    padding: var(--s4);
    background-color: transparent;
    border-left: var(--border-accent) solid var(--teal);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    transition: all var(--transition);
}

.feature-card:hover {
    background-color: rgba(108, 122, 137, 0.25);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card-hover);
}

.feature-card h3 {
    color: var(--blue);
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
    font-size: var(--fs-xl);
}

.feature-card p {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
}

.feature-list {
    list-style: none;
    margin-left: 0;
}

.feature-list li {
    padding: var(--s1) 0;
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.8rem;
}

.feature-list li:before {
    content: '✓';
    color: var(--teal);
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: var(--fs-lg);
}

/* ===== UNDER DEVELOPMENT SECTION ===== */
.tools-page-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    height: 100%;
    padding: var(--s4) 0;
}

.under-development-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    padding: var(--s6) var(--s4);
    background: rgba(10, 18, 32, 0.5);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    max-width: 350px;
    margin: var(--s4);
    transition: all var(--animation-transition);
}

.under-development-container h3 {
    color: var(--text);
    font-size: var(--fs-xl);
    margin: var(--s4);
    font-weight: bold;
}

.under-development-container .icon {
    font-size: 3rem;
    color: var(--yellow);
    margin: 0 var(--s4) var(--s3) var(--s4);
}

.under-development-container p {
    font-size: var(--fs-xl);
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin: var(--s4);
    font-weight: 400;
    max-width: 400px;
}

.pulse-loader {
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    background-color: var(--light);
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin: var(--s2) auto var(--s3) auto;
    animation: pulse 1s infinite ease-in-out;
}

@keyframes pulse {
    0% { transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; }
    50% { transform: scale(1.5); opacity: 0.5; }
    100% { transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; }
}

/* ===== ABOUT SECTION (ABOUT PAGE) ===== */
.about-section {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.about-content h2 {
    font-size: var(--fs-3xl);
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
}

.about-content p {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
}

.about-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 350px;
    background: var(--gradient-logo);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: var(--white);
    font-size: var(--fs-6xl);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 40px var(--shadow-blue-2);
}

[data-content="contact"] {
    position: relative;
}

[data-content="contact"]::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 540px;
    left: 2%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.25s;
}

[data-content="contact"]::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 440px;
    right: -15%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.75s;
}

[data-content="tools"] {
    position: relative;
}

[data-content="tools"]::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 540px;
    left: 2%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.25s;
}

[data-content="tools"]::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 440px;
    right: -15%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.75s;
}

[data-content="about"]::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 540px;
    left: 2%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.25s;
}

[data-content="about"]::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 440px;
    right: -15%;
    width: 400px;
    height: 400px;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, var(--engineering-steel), transparent);
    border-radius: 50%;
    z-index: 0;
    animation: pulse-glow 8.5s ease-in-out infinite;
    animation-delay: 0.75s;
}

.contact-section h2 {
    font-size: var(--fs-3xl);
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: var(--s4);
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
}

.contact-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--s4);
}

.contact-item {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background-color: transparent;
    border-left: var(--border-accent) solid var(--teal);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}

.contact-label {
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    margin-bottom: var(--s1);
    font-size: var(--fs-base);
}

.contact-value {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.contact-value a {
    color: var(--teal);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

.contact-value a:hover {
    color: var(--text-hover);
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--s2);
    margin-top: var(--s4);
}

.social-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 45px;
    height: 45px;
    background: var(--gradient-logo);
    color: var(--white);
    border-radius: 50%;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    font-weight: var(--fw-semibold);
}

.social-link:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px var(--shadow-blue-2);
}

/* ===== AUTHOR INFO ===== */
.author-info {
    padding: 1.5rem;
    background-color: transparent;
    border-left: var(--border-accent) solid var(--teal);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    margin-top: var(--s4);
}

.author-info h2 {
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
    font-size: var(--fs-3xl);
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
}

.author-info p {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
}

.author-info a {
    color: var(--teal);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

.author-info a:hover {
    color: var(--text-hover);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ===== CONTACT CONTAINER ===== */
.contact-container {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--s4);
    align-items: stretch; /* Make boxes same height */
    justify-content: center;
}

.contact-left, .contact-right {
    flex: 1;
    max-width: 350px;
    padding: var(--s4);
    background: rgba(10, 18, 32, 0.5);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    transition: all var(--animation-transition);
}

/* Inner content styles */
.author-content h2, .contact-content h2, .social-content h2 {
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
    font-size: var(--fs-3xl);
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
}

.contact-content h3 {
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
    font-size: var(--fs-xl);
    font-weight: var(--fw-bold);
}

.contact-content {
    margin-bottom: var(--s4);
}

.author-content p, .contact-content p, .social-content p {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
}

.author-content a, .contact-content a, .social-content a {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition);
}

.author-content a:hover, .contact-content a:hover, .social-content a:hover {
    color: var(--text-hover);
}

.social-content a {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: var(--s1);
}

.author-content a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ===== PUBLICATIONS SECTION (PUBLICATIONS PAGE) ===== */
.publications-list {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--standard-gap);
    overflow-x: auto;
    overflow-y: hidden;
    position: relative;
    flex: 1;
    padding: 1rem calc(0.5 * var(--standard-gap)) 0rem calc(0.5 * var(--standard-gap)); /* Added 1rem top padding for hover animation */
    margin-top: 0rem;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    height: 100%;
}

.publications-container {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0rem;
        width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: var(--standard-gap);
        margin-top: var(--standard-gap); /* Equal to margin-bottom for balanced spacing */
    height: calc(100% - 2 * var(--standard-gap));
}

.publications-nav-button {
    background-color: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
    border: none;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.publications-nav-button:hover {
    background-color: var(--bedrock-navy);
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.publications-nav-button:disabled {
    opacity: 0.5;
    cursor: not-allowed;
}

/* Hide scrollbar while maintaining scroll functionality */
.publications-list::-webkit-scrollbar {
    display: none;
}

.publications-list {
    -ms-overflow-style: none;
    scrollbar-width: none;
}

/* Less transparent publication card background */
.publication-card {
    background-color: rgba(10, 18, 32, 0.5);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: all var(--transition);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    height: clamp(350px, 65vh, 500px); /* Responsive height based on viewport */
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
    flex: 0 0 var(--publication-card-width);
}

/* Less transparent on hover as well */
.publication-card:hover {
    background-color: rgba(10, 18, 32, 0.6);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-pub-hover);
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.pub-card-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: clamp(150px, 30vh, 220px); /* Responsive image height */
    background: #FFFFFF;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--blue);
    flex-shrink: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.pub-image-placeholder {
    font-size: 3rem;
    opacity: 0.6;
}

.pub-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: contain;
    object-position: center;
}

.pub-card-content {
    padding: var(--s4);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex: 1;
}

.pub-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: var(--s2);
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    font-size: var(--fs-sm);
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    font-weight: var(--fw-semibold);
}

.pub-year {
    background-color: var(--teal);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.pub-type {
    background-color: var(--blue);
    color: var(--white);
    padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.pub-card-content h3 {
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    font-size: var(--fs-lg);
    line-height: 1.4;
    font-weight: var(--fw-semibold);
}

.pub-card-content p {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: var(--s2);
    flex: 1;
    font-size: var(--fs-sm);
}

.pub-link {
    color: var(--limestone-gray);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: var(--fw-semibold);
    transition: color var(--transition);
    align-self: flex-start;
}

.pub-link:hover {
    color: var(--teal);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ===== SOCIAL SECTION ===== */
.social-section {
    margin-top: var(--s4);
    text-align: center;
}

.social-section h3 {
    color: var(--light);
    margin-bottom: var(--s3);
    font-size: var(--fs-xl);
}

/* ===== RESPONSIVE DESIGN ===== */
@media (max-width: var(--responsive-breakpoint-sm)) {
    .hero h1 {
        font-size: var(--fs-4xl);
    }

    .hero p {
        font-size: var(--fs-lg);
    }

    .page-title {
        font-size: var(--fs-3xl);
    }

    main {
        margin-top: var(--header-h);
        padding: 2rem 1rem;
    }

    nav {
        gap: 1rem;
        font-size: var(--fs-sm);
    }

    .about-section {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .about-image {
        height: 250px;
        font-size: var(--fs-4xl);
    }

    .pub-meta {
        font-size: var(--fs-xs);
    }

    .contact-container {
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .contact-left, .contact-right {
        flex: none;
    }
}